Earl Smith, PhD – Sociology – George Mason University
Angela J. Hattery, PhD – Women & Gender Studies – George Mason University
Black youth are currently confined in the criminal punishment system
Blacks get longer criminal sentences than whites
Blacks placed in solitary confinement more than whites
Blacks (men) exonerated, even though they are ½ of prison population
Black women sterilized
Black people in the United States have a disproportionately higher death rate from tobacco-related illnesses than other racial and ethnic groups
Black mothers’ infant mortality highest in US
Blacks stopped & frisked
Blacks held for not being able to pay bail (or fines)
Black officers disproportinately convicted for murder
Black undercover officers killed by white officers
Blacks paid less than whites for the same jobs
Blacks in Chicago (Chicago Fines, Fees & Access Collaborative), that showed how the city’s ticketing and debt collection practices disproportionately affect low-income and black neighborhoods
Disproportionately, more than any other race/ethnic group, Blacks harmed by the war on drugs
Disproportionately, Blacks don’t have equitable access to the burgeoning cannabis industry
Disproportionately, more than any other race/ethnic group, Blacks don’t have equal access to the housing market
Blacks disproportionately experience absolute exclusion from ‘high-tech’ in Silicon Valley
Blacks disproportionately experience ‘civil death’ after convictions & incarcerations;
(Sonia Sotomayor wrote that anyone who is arrested “will now join the 65 million Americans with an arrest record and experience the ‘civil death’ of discrimination by employers, landlords, and whoever else conducts a background check.” 136 S. Ct. 2056, 2070 (2016), Sotomayor, J., dissenting).
Blacks disproportionately offered less pain medicine than whites by medical doctors
Blacks are disproportionately more likely than whites and other race/ethnic groups to be assigned e-carceration digital monitors like ankle and risk bracelets.
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